Title: Transmission Eigenvalues in Inverse Scattering Theory Abstract: The transmission eigenvalue problem is a new class of eigenvalue problems that has recently appeared in inverse scattering theory for inhomogeneous media. Such eigenvalues provide information about material properties of the scattering object and can be determined from scattering data, hence can play an important role in a variety of problems in target identication. The transmission eigenvalue problem is non-linear and non-selfadjoint which make its mathematical investigation challenging and interesting. In this lecture we will describe how the transmission eigenvalue problem arises in scattering theory, how transmission eigenvalues can be computed from scattering data, what is known mathematically about these eigenvalues and what kind of information can they provide on the index of refraction of the inhomogeneous medium. For the sake of simplicity, most of our mathematical exposition will be done for the case of scattering for isotropic media and at the end of the lecture we will discuss the interesting case of anisotropic media. We end our lecture with a list of open problems on transmission eigenvalues of interest to inverse scattering and thermo-acoustic imaging.