MA 26100 - Spring 2026
Exam 2
Test/Quiz #: 21
Question 2
The volume of the region inside \(x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 25\) and outside \(x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 4\) in the region \(y \ge 0\) and \(z \le 0\) is given as a triple integral using spherical coordinates as
\[ \int_C^D \int_A^B \int_2^5 \rho^2 \sin(\phi) \, d\rho \, d\phi \, d\theta. \]
What are the values of \(A, B, C, D\)?
- \(A = \frac{\pi}{2}, B = \pi; C = 0, D = 2\pi\)
- \(A = 0, B = \frac{\pi}{2}; C = 0, D = 2\pi\)
- \(A = 0, B = \pi; C = 0, D = \pi\)
- \(A = \frac{\pi}{2}, B = \pi; C = 0, D = \pi\)
- \(A = 0, B = \frac{\pi}{2}; C = 0, D = \pi\)
Step 1: Determine the limits for \(\rho\).
From the equations of the bounding spheres:
\[ \left. \begin{aligned} x^2 + y^2 + z^2 &= 25 \\ x^2 + y^2 + z^2 &= 4 \end{aligned} \right\} \implies \begin{aligned} \rho &= 5 \\ \rho &= 2 \end{aligned} \]
This confirms the inner integral limits are from 2 to 5.
Visual Description:
A 3D coordinate system diagram defining the standard spherical coordinates. The x, y, and z axes are drawn. A vector with length rho (\(\rho\)) connects the origin to a point (x, y, z). The polar angle phi (\(\phi\)) is labeled between the positive z-axis and the vector. The projection of the point onto the xy-plane is marked as (x, y, 0), and the azimuthal angle theta (\(\theta\)) is shown in the xy-plane between the positive x-axis and this projection.
Step 2: Determine the limits for \(\phi\) (values \(A\) and \(B\)).
The problem states the region is where \(z \le 0\). In spherical coordinates, \(\phi\) is measured from the positive \(z\)-axis (\(\phi = 0\)). The \(xy\)-plane corresponds to \(\phi = \frac{\pi}{2}\). Since the region is below the \(xy\)-plane (\(z \le 0\)), \(\phi\) ranges from the horizontal plane to the negative \(z\)-axis.
Visual Description:
A 2D cross-sectional diagram focusing on the z-axis to find the range of the polar angle phi (\(\phi\)). The upper vertical axis is labeled z \(\ge\) 0 and the lower part is labeled z \(\le\) 0. A horizontal dashed line represents the xy-plane. A red arc shows the angle \(\phi\) sweeping from the horizontal plane (where \(\phi = \pi/2\)) down to the negative z-axis (where \(\phi = \pi\)). Below the diagram, the range is written as \(\pi/2 \le \phi \le \pi\).
Thus, \(A = \frac{\pi}{2}\) and \(B = \pi\).
Step 3: Determine the limits for \(\theta\) (values \(C\) and \(D\)).
The problem states the region is where \(y \ge 0\). We look at the projection of this region onto the \(xy\)-plane.
Visual Description:
A 2D coordinate diagram of the xy-plane to determine the range of the azimuthal angle theta (\(\theta\)). The x-axis is horizontal and the y-axis is vertical. The region where y \(\ge\) 0 (the upper half-plane) is shaded with blue diagonal lines. A red arc labeled \(\theta\) starts at the positive x-axis (0) and sweeps counter-clockwise to the negative x-axis (\(\pi\)). To the right, the range is mathematically expressed as 0 \(\le \theta \le \pi\).
Thus, \(C = 0\) and \(D = \pi\).
Conclusion:
Comparing these values to the given options:
\[ A = \frac{\pi}{2}, B = \pi; C = 0, D = \pi \]
This matches Choice D.
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